AQSLWE02 -- Leak Protection Monitor (LoRaWAN)
Product Description
LoRaWAN variant of the leak protection and consumption monitor. Analyzes acoustic pressure waves in the water supply to detect water consumption and leaks. Identical hardware to AQSWIE02, but with LoRaWAN Class A instead of Wi-Fi.
The system consists of a main housing (IP65) for signal processing and LoRaWAN radio communication, and an external sensor head (IP67) with connection to the water supply line. A single sensor is sufficient for an entire building.
Key Features:
- Pressure wave analysis for leak and consumption detection
- External sensor head with G1/4" connection
- T-piece for 3/8" angle valves included
- Wired flood sensor
- LoRaWAN Class A/C (EU868, v1.0.3)
- Bluetooth 5 LE
- USB-C (5V/1A) or ER26500 battery
- Protection rating: IP65 (main unit) / IP67 (sensor head)
- Sensitivity: <250 ml/min (with pressure reducer), <2000 ml/min (without)
- Pipe-Check sensitivity: <4 ml/hour
Installation
The sensor head has a G1/4" thread (European metric) and thus fits all inspection openings in the water network, e.g., on backflow preventers, main shut-off valves, or pressure reducers.
Mounting at an Inspection Opening
Screw the sensor head directly into an existing 1/4" inspection opening.
Mounting at an Angle Valve
If no inspection opening is available, the sensor head can be mounted at an angle valve:
- Shut off the water at the angle valve
- Loosen the braided hose at the angle valve using the included 3/8" open-end wrench
- Insert the included T-piece between the angle valve and the braided hose
- Reattach the braided hose to the T-piece
- Screw the sensor head into the outlet of the T-piece
- Turn on the water and check all connections for leaks
When reattaching the braided hose, always hold the braided hose to prevent it from twisting. A twisted braided hose can lead to leaks!
The sensor head must always be installed after any existing pressure reducer. With a pressure reducer, the battery achieves a lifespan of 8--10 years; without a pressure reducer, only approx. 4 years.
Device Usage
Hardware
- USB-C Port: For power supply only (KTEC power adapter recommended). Waterproof connector.
- External Sensor Head: Waterproof threaded connection to main unit (80 cm cable)
- 3.5 mm Jack: Waterproof connection for external flood sensor (included)
- Battery Compartment (rear): Screw cap with rubber gasket
Button Controls
| Action | Function |
|---|---|
| 1x short press | Wake up (battery mode) / Send status message (mains mode) |
| 2x short press | Acknowledge active alarm |
| 3x short press | Currently unassigned |
| Hold ~1 sec in battery mode | Wake up |
LED Indicator
| LED | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Yellow breathing/blinking | Boot process |
| Red/Green blinking | Factory state or LoRaWAN network search |
| Blue slow breathing | Connected to internet, standby (mains power only) |
| Red blinking | Active alarm (cause reported via LoRaWAN) |
| Off | Battery mode (LEDs disabled for power saving) |
Measurements and Alarms
The device measures water pressure and temperature multiple times per second and transmits the data every 15 minutes via LoRaWAN (incl. consumption, operating time, battery usage, and voltage).
| ID | Alarm | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Flood Sensor | Wired or wireless sensor detects water |
| 2 | Frost Risk | Temperature critically low |
| 3 | Prolonged Flow | Water flowing too long (parameter 10) |
| 4 | Intensive Flow / Pipe Burst | Severe pressure drop |
| 5 | Sticking Toilet | Continuous minimal flow |
| 6 | Overpressure | Water pressure above upper threshold |
| 7 | Dripping Faucet / Underpressure | Underpressure alarm |
| 8 | Pipe-Check Micro Leak | Micro leak from 4 ml/h detected |
| 10 | Strange Flow | Unusual flow pattern |
| 12 | Low Battery | Battery needs replacement |
| 13 | Mains Power Lost | USB-C power supply interrupted |
| 14 | Sensor Head Disconnected | Sensor head not connected |
| 15 | Sensor Not in Water | Sensor head without water contact |
Sensor Data
Pressure, consumption, and temperature every 15 minutes.
Calibration
Automatic calibration within 24 hours after LoRaWAN connection. Consumption values may be inaccurate during this time. Can be repeated via LoRaWAN command.
Effect of a Pressure Reducer
- With pressure reducer: Full functionality, sensitivity <250 ml/min
- Without pressure reducer: Consumption measurement and sticking toilet detection less accurate, sensitivity <2000 ml/min
Pipe-Check
The Pipe-Check detects micro leaks in the water system. Approx. 240 seconds test duration, water must be shut off. Detects micro leaks from 4 ml/h (<1 drop per second).
The Pipe-Check can be started remotely via downlink command 0x01 0x03. The water must be shut off -- either manually or via a retrofit motor.
Battery Operation
The device is powered by an ER26500 battery (bobbin cell, size C, lithium-thionyl chloride), which is inserted in the battery compartment on the rear.
- Lifespan: 8--10 years with pressure reducer, approx. 4 years without
- The battery can also serve as a backup alongside mains power (USB-C)
- The power source at startup determines the operating mode
In pure battery mode:
- LEDs on the device disabled (status LED remains dark)
- No audible or visual local alarm indication
- Slow command processing (up to 1 hour instead of ~10 seconds in mains mode)
- Cannot receive alarms from external wireless flood sensors
- Sensor data transmitted hourly instead of every 15 minutes
- LoRaWAN devices attempt only one JOIN
LoRaWAN Communication
See LoRaWAN Connection for setup, keys, JOIN/Rejoin, and the complete Daisychain Protocol.
Additional downlink command: 0x01 0x03 starts a Pipe-Check.
Supported Sensor Types
| ID | Sensor | Unit | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
0x01 | Temperature | 1/10 °C | 0x00CD = 20.5 °C |
0x03 | Operating Time | Hours | since last restart |
0x10 | Water Pressure | mBar | 0x0D48 = 3.4 bar |
0x11 | Water Consumption | Liters | since last report |
Alarm Types
| ID | Hex | Alarm | Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 0x01 | Flood sensor triggered | 0x01/0x00 |
| 2 | 0x02 | Frost risk | current temperature |
| 3 | 0x03 | Prolonged flow | flow duration in seconds |
| 4 | 0x04 | Intensive flow / pipe burst | current pressure |
| 5 | 0x05 | Sticking toilet | -- |
| 6 | 0x06 | Overpressure | current pressure |
| 7 | 0x07 | Dripping faucet / underpressure | -- |
| 10 | 0x0a | Strange Flow | -- |
| 12 | 0x0c | Low battery | -- |
| 13 | 0x0d | Mains power lost | -- |
| 14 | 0x0e | Sensor head disconnected | -- |
| 15 | 0x0f | Sensor not in water | -- |
Configuration Parameters
| No. | Parameter | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | System Register | 0x5bfe (23550) | Bitmap: sleep mode, buzzer, LED, sampling frequency |
| 3 | LoRaWAN Register | 0x0ffd (4093) | Bitmap: Class A/C, ADR, duty cycle, join attempts, TX power |
| 5 | Normal Pressure | 3500 mBar | Reference pressure (auto-calibrated, informational) |
| 6 | Overpressure Threshold | 8000 mBar | Alarm when exceeded (auto-calibrated after 24h) |
| 7 | Underpressure Threshold | 2000 mBar | Alarm when undercut (auto-calibrated after 24h) |
| 8 | Liter Conversion | 1000 | Calibration factor velocity to liters |
| 9 | Sticking Toilet Threshold | 200 s | Max. time for 10 consecutive small water usages |
| 10 | Max. Flow Duration | 900 | Flow duration alarm in 0.43-sec units (~15 min) |
| 11 | Frost Warning Threshold | 40 (= 4 °C) | Temperature in 1/10 °C |
| 13 | Pipe-Check Duration | 600 s | Test duration |
| 14 | Pipe-Check Abort | 200 mBar | Max. sudden pressure drop before abort |
| 15 | Pipe-Check Alarm | 30 mBar/min | Max. pressure loss per minute during test |
| 19 | Alarm Enable/Disable | 0xd806 (55302) | Bitmap: enable/disable individual alarm types |
| 29 | Reporting Interval | 900 s | Automatic transmission and heartbeat interval |
Scope of Delivery
- Leak Protection Monitor (main unit, without battery)
- Aqua-Scope Sensor Head with 80 cm cable
- 3/8" T-piece for angle valve mounting
- Flood sensor with 130 cm cable and jack plug
- USB-C power cable and power adapter
- 19 mm wrench for T-piece mounting
EU Drinking Water Directive 98/83/EC
The T-piece with drinking water contact complies with European standards. Material: CW509L, listed in the German Federal Environment Agency (UBA) register of approved materials (edition May 14, 2020, section 2.1.3.1).
Technical Specifications
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| SKU | AQSLWE02 |
| Power Supply | USB-C 5V/1A (external) |
| Battery | Bobbin Cell C ER26500 (lithium-thionyl chloride) |
| Processor | ESP32-WROOM_32E (Xtensa Dual Core 32-bit, 240 MHz, 520 KB RAM) |
| LoRaWAN | EU868, Class A/C, v1.0.3 |
| Bluetooth | 5 LE (UART profile) |
| Pressure Sensor | 0--10 bar (0--1000 kPa), overload 150% |
| Connection | G1/4" female thread, I2C |
| Accuracy | <1% dynamic |
| Sensitivity (with pressure reducer) | <250 ml/min |
| Sensitivity (without pressure reducer) | <2000 ml/min |
| Pipe-Check Sensitivity | <4 ml/hour |
| Temperature Sensor | Integrated, high-precision |
| Dimensions (main unit) | 91 x 91 x 30 mm |
| Weight (main unit) | 105 g |
| Weight (sensor head) | 140 g |
| Protection Rating | IP65 (main unit) / IP67 (sensor head) |
| Controls | 4-color LED, single button |
| Operating Temperature | -20 to +50 °C |
| Storage/Transport Temperature | -65 to +125 °C |
| Relative Humidity | 0--90% |
| Radio Emissions (LoRa) | 868--869 MHz, 4 dBm (2.5 mW) |